Jack Mezirow free essay sample

A man by the name of Jack Muzzier recognized seven phases of transformational. This examination was led to assist individuals with figuring out how to take care of an issue. The four phases are perceiving the issue, going up against the issue, finding an answer for the issue, and incorporating another point of view. The main stage am going to discuss Is perceiving the critical issue. In life we run over heaps of various issues, simple issues and difficult issues. You can begin by figuring what the issue Is. You can chat with somebody to comprehend It.The second stage Is standing up to your concern; you have to go up against every difficult you face In existence with extraordinary consideration, tolerance and tranquility. In life we as individuals think that its difficult to tackle our concern easily particularly when we think our issues are the apocalypse. At the point when u go up against your concern do It effortlessly It assists with the third phase of finding an answer the issue. We will compose a custom exposition test on Jack Mezirow or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page You never need to drag your concern out, the at long last stage Is Integrating another point of view, after you discover an answer you have to consider was o placed your concern in another light.Think of new ways that can help you not get in a similar issue again. In my life I take a gander at all my issues as a change. Each issue that you have in life is a learning experience. My father consistently revealed to me an incredible individual gains from their issues. So my model is gaining from your issues keep it moving. I generally have an issue with self assessment. Its difficult for me to step back and take a gander at myself and that is something l am working at the present time.

Mission Statement Compare & Contrast Research Paper - 1

Statement of purpose Compare and Contrast - Research Paper Example The nature of the statements of purpose and whether they observably indicate the companies’ profile are incorporated also. What's more the paper looks to check whether the methodologies of the organizations are in accordance with the mission. The vision of Wal-Mart and Target has been expressed and whether the two companies’ are drawing closer in the comparable manner with their vision has additionally been referenced. The investigation likewise looks to clarify the moral or lawful difficulties of the two organizations. The companies’ duty towards the general public has been recognized. The crucial Target incorporates â€Å"make Target the favored shopping goal for the visitors by conveying remarkable worth, constant development and an excellent visitor experience by reliably satisfying our Expect More Pay Less brand guarantee (Samples Help, 2006). The organization has planned for being the perfect shopping area for the clients and gives them a decision of brilliant worth, consistent development and uncommon visitor experience by continually satisfying anticipate more compensation less procedure. Their main goal is to give $1 billion to training before the finish of 2015 (Target.com, 2011). In this unique circumstance, by contrasting the two statements of purpose it very well may be seen that Target is giving needs to the advancement, shopping goal and incentive alongside low cost however Wal-Mart is inclining toward on low cost for making the life of clients much better. The crucial Target is identified with the inclination of its buyers and networks, be that as it may, Wal-Mart’s mission is basically connected to the value limitation to pull in the clients (Wal-Mart, 2011). The statements of purpose of both the organizations have been set up by concentrating on the customers’ inclination. The organizations are ceaselessly taking a shot at this strategic request to give clients most extreme gainful administrations. The organizations are two of the biggest retail locations, along these lines their principle expectation is to give quality

Management of Change. Why General Electric was required to bring about Essay

The board of Change. Why General Electric was required to realize a total change in the association - Essay Example The significance of partners in associations has become even more significant throughout the years. In this way associations are continually faced with the emergency of overseeing change in order to keep themselves at standard with stakeholders’ necessities and prerequisites. The undertaking tries to deliver the procedure of social change that was achieved in General Electric. Expounding the components which started the change procedure in the association, the task proceeds to gauge the real results against the ideal results in the association. At last the task gives an assessment of the degree to which GE has been effective in actualizing the change procedure in the association. Hierarchical Change Theorists have delivered some nonexclusive meanings of authoritative change. Burnes (1996) noticed that authoritative change is viewed as the modifications occurring in associations at the gatherings, people and the whole hierarchical level. As indicated by Van de Ven and Poole, (1 995) change is characterized as the perception of contrasts over some stretch of time on an assortment of measurements. Specialists and professionals investigating change through social-comprehension viewpoint or social point of view in associations think about focussing on such angles as qualities and mental maps of members in the change, as opposed to on perspectives like authoritative structures, size and so forth. Since the language of progress varies across view of analysts it is hard to locate a consistent and normal impression of language fir change. In any case, there are sure normal ideas in change hypotheses created by creators, for example, wellsprings of progress, powers of progress, first request and second request change. These normal ideas are accessible inside the significant sources writing of progress like Burnes, 1996; Levy and Merry, 1986; Goodman, 1982; and Spreitzer and Rajagopalan, 1996. An ever increasing number of studies identified with change expanded the basic purposes of these ideas in their investigation. Morgan (1986) makes the primary suspicion hidden the transformative hypotheses that change is a reaction which is produced due to situational factors, outer conditions and condition encompassing associations. He sees social frameworks as being mind boggling, differentiated and associated, which advance after some time normally reacting to outer requests (Kezar, 2001, p.4). The arranged change models or Teleological speculations accept the way that associations stay intentional and versatile to change. It is on the grounds that authoritative pioneers, change operators and others see the required change in associations that change occurs or happens. Despite the fact that the change procedure is viewed as being direct and levelheaded, Carnall (1995); Carr, Hard and Trahant (1996) respect the individual directors to be progressively instrumental all the while. Morgan, conceptualizes the procedure of progress as a being a characterist ic piece of hierarchical turn of events. Scientists have a brought an immediate relationship between authoritative change and resulting execution and efficiency of firms. Change process is said to go about as an impetus or facilitator of hierarchical development and execution. A portion of the main instances of authoritative changes which have along these lines reflected through improved execution, efficiency and serious situation in the market are British Airways, General Electric and Rover Group (APOC, 1997, p.5). Compelling change

Performance Analysis Of Reits In Malaysia And Uk Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Securities Commission of Malaysia defines REITs as an investment vehicle that proposes to invest at least 50% of its total assets in real estate, whether through direct ownership or through a single purpose company whose principal asset comprise real estate. Shares of REITs company are publicly traded in major stock exchange and it is viewed as a good way for investors to own a property indirectly by owning the shares of the property. It would also be the only way for ordinary investors to have the opportunity to invest in large scale commercial properties. REITs usually generating income by owned and operating income producing real property such as offices, shopping centers and service apartments. Meanwhile it may invest in real estate-related securities, cash or fixed deposit and whole loans. However, most of the earning of a REIT company is produced from the recurrent rental incomes of the real properties owned. The unit holders of REITs will receive return in the form of dividends from the net income of the REITs generated. Due to the stable flow of incomes, it is considered as a lower risk investment tool to the investors. REITs are considered to be under the category of unit trust funds which are being professionally managed. The organisation structure is alike for both REITs and unit trust funds. Experienced real estate professional would be appointed as the management team of REITs which must be headed by a registered valuer to manage the investment and operations of REITs. It would be the same as unit trust funds where ot her than the management company, a professional fund manager will selects and manages the investment. The management team of REITs are accountable both to their board of directors as well as the shareholders of the REITs. REITs are viewed as the best combination of investment in real property and stocks. Investment in REITs by buying the shares of REITs would provide the investors a way to reduce loan and interest paid to own a property as investment. The return is indeed lower then stocks but would be more stable as it generates stable incomes to REITs. This is the unique of investing in REITs and awareness of this profit-driven investment tool is risen and promoting the growth of REITs in many countries. This investment tool has a long history in United State and Australia which had achieving stable market and growth over the past ten years. REITs had start becoming popular and achieving growth in many of the South East Asia countries in recent years, for instance, Singapore and Japan. REITs are considered as a new concept in Malaysia since 2005, which is the transformation from property trust fund. Securities Commission as the core regulator of all the unit trust funds and REITs are responsible in monitoring development of the industry. This statutory body had issue new guideline for REITs on the 3rd January 2005 to replace the old rule for Property Trust Funds. The issuance of the new guideline was indeed promoting the REITs due to the one level taxation. background of study The REITs market different from countries to countries, as well as the determinant factors of the performance of REITs in the specific market. Regulation may be the core factors in this context. Undeniably, other several factors for instance property market climate of the country may in fact influence the performance of the REITs for the country. REITs market was success in many several countries, especially United State which had matured in the REITs market. Many countries start introducing the REIT regime and putting effort to develop this industry as it was one of the valuable investment to the country. United Kingdom was one of the countries which were newly entered into the REIT regime. The REIT legislation was introduced by the United Kingdom government at the 1st of January, 2007. Interestingly, within two years of the operation, the UK REITs market had achieve to the ranking of forth in terms of their REITs market capitalisation, which was about US$ 41 million (Global RE ITs Report 2008, Earnst Young). In fact, United Kingdom have their own way of REITs regulation, long period of time was used by the UK government in consultation to introduce the most suitable legislation for REITs. There are many other factors which may contribute to the a growth of REITs in UK. The different in managing their investment portfolio of REITS Company of United Kingdom and the implementation of some specific regulation for REITs in United Kingdom may be the underlying reasons for the growth of REITs. These factors which influenced the performance of UK-REITs will be explored in this study. Yet, before this could be carrying out, performance analysis will first be done to have better indicator of the following study. This study may explore the unique of the UK-REITS and simultaneously compare with Malaysia context for further recommendation. objective of the study To study the concept, mechanism and regulation of REITS in Malaysia and United Kingdom To analyze and compare the performance of the selected REITS of Malaysia and United Kingdom To identify the factors which contribute to the variant of performance as to the M-REITS and UK-REITS. SCOPE OF study This study will be focused on the performance of M-REITS and UK-REITS. Three largest REITS of both countries will be chosen for the performance analysis. The REITS company chosen must also be listed in their respective stock market, i.e. be listed in Bursa Malaysia for M-REITS and London Stock Exchange for UK-REITS. The collection of data for this study lay between the timeframe of 2007 to 2009. This is due to the reason that REITs of United Kingdom was introduced on the 1st of January 2007. reseach methodology Quantitative method will be adopted as the research methodology. Relevant statistics, graphs, charts obtained will be analyzed in order to compare the variant performance of the selected REITs in UK and in Malaysia. The data can be extracting from the annual report of the REITs company, Bursa Malaysia, London Stock Exchange and online database. Secondary sources will be considered as well, for instance, articles, journals, research papers, reference books and the guidelines for REITs published by the Securities Commission in Malaysia context and the guidelines and regulation in United Kingdom context. significance of the study This study intended to benchmark the performance of REITs in Malaysia with United Kingdom. Through the analysis, improvements in terms of property portfolio management, regulation and investment direction could be done to achieve better performance of Malaysia REITs market. Investors as well as the managers of the REITS industry may benefit from this study which provides detail information and performance of selected REITS. Investors may have better information of the REITs market whether in Malaysia or United Kingdom, which may help while making decision of the investment in any REITs. Furthermore, the mechanism and regulation of REITS discussed in literature review will benefit new investors of REITS. limitation of the study This study will be focus on three largest REITS of both Malaysia and United Kingdom. The analysis could only be done for a limited number of REITS due to time constraint. Complexities and diversities could be reduced significantly while limited to few numbers of REITs. This study would also limit to the selected listed M-REITS and UK-REITS as at 31st December 2009. Structure of the study In first chapter, a brief introduction of the topic of research is given. The background of the research is introduced by explaining the reasons of choosing this topic as research topic. Subsequently, the statement of research problems, objectives of the study, scope of the study, research methodology, significance of the study, limitation of the study and structure of the study are identified and explained in sequence in chapter 1. Second chapter will be the literature review of the research topic. Journals, articles, reference books will be using as sources of the literature review for further understanding of the REITs market and mechanism as in United Kingdom context. Detail of the REITs related rules will be discussed in detail for both Malaysia and United Kingdom. The third chapter will explained the methodology of this research. The types and sources of data to be collected will be specified in details. Furthermore, the terms used in analyzing the performance of REITS will be identified and elaborated explicitly. Chapter four is the presentation of the analysis of findings and discussion. The performance and the property portfolio of the selected REITs will be analyzed. The background of the REITs company will be analyzed as well for further understanding of the nature of the selected REITs. Comparison study will later presented between REITs of Malaysia and REITs of United Kingdom. Finally, chapter 5 will be the conclusion of the study based on the analysis done. The arguments which arisen throughout the research will be summarized. In addition, suggestions and recommendations will be given for further research purposes.

The Catastrophe Known as “Hip Hop” Essay - 1626 Words

Through the eyes of a struggling young African American female desperately seeking for sense of her heritage, Hip Hop is all she is able to hold on to. However, as courageous writers Andreana Clay and Michael Dyson attempt to unearth deeply embedded misconceptions of our seemingly normal Hip Hop culture, her perceptions are exposed to the shattering truth that Hip Hop has become a queer identity revolting platter which serves up plagues called homophobia, sexism, racism, and violence. Hip hop, once her beloved escape is now ravaging her community with broken practices, devastated systems, crushed philosophies, and immoral ideologies. The mortifying reality is that her love Hip Hop has transformed into corrupt factory distributing self†¦show more content†¦(Ford, 2011) Was Malik’s reaction uncalled for? According to the progressing Hip Hop culture, his behavior was supported by concrete reasoning. Dyson’s notion that homophobia is caused by straight men’s hate of sharing so many analogous characteristics with gay men holds to be true in this sense. In Hip Hop, it is acceptable to wear your pants so low beneath your butt that it impedes your ability to walk properly, but heaven forbid that someone points out that you are giving other men easy access to your butt. It is simply the fact that gay men upset the social order of straight men’s lives. Hip Hop is fashioning a culture filled with young men who reject some of the identical attributes they themselves display on a daily basis. I find it quite mystifying to promote revulsion of something that is intrinsically a part of you. Consequently, Hip Hop is the poster child for a culture occupied by terror of the self. If she ever tries to leave again ima tie her to the bed and set this house on fire. –Eminem. The conception that sexism is entrenched in Hip Hop culture is one far from concealed. The deliberate manner in which Hip Hop music presents the notion of a woman is quite disturbing. Growing up in culture where a woman’s sole purpose is established as seeking approval from a man, African American young ladies are being manipulated to develop a sense of disgust for them. When Dyson presented the case of the Spellman girls vs. RapperShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Rio De Janeiro And Rio s Crisis Of Social Exclusion And Violence1644 Words   |  7 Pagesfifth are forced to live. Burdened with insufficient education, healthcare, transportation, safety, and jobs, the residents of the favelas gather as a community to escape from the tedious and harsh realities of everyday life. By orchestrating parties known as Bailes where this electronic dance music is played, Rio’s poorest com munities convene to form a sense of unity and embrace the favela they live in by briefly reshaping it into an exciting idealized place free of poverty and violence. 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Elephant Cruelty free essay sample

Elephant Cruelty Explored Through Circuses There is no creature among all the Beasts of the world which hath so great and ample demonstration of the power and wisedom of almighty God as the Elephant. ~Edward Topsell The Historie of Foure-Footed Beastes (1607) Elephants are currently suffering in two distinct ways. They are suffering as a species, and as individuals. The following essay will introduce elephants and their plight as a species, but will focus on the suffering of circus elephants. Circuses are major culprits of elephant exploitation. Elephants in circuses are not cared for properly and often experience abuse. The purpose of this essay is to not only point out these cruelties, but to discuss how we can change the fate of elephants in circuses worldwide. Elephantidae is the familial classification of elephants. There are two distinct species of elephants; the African elephant (Loxodonta arficana) and the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). In the wild an elephant’s geographical location is synonymous with its name. The habitat of the African elephant is usually a wooded or shrubby area that is near a water source. Asian elephants have a greater range in habitat which can include rain forests, dry forests, and grass jungles. Together, elephants are the largest living terrestrial animals on Earth. Elephants are regarded as highly intelligent and social animals. They live in herds which are lead by the eldest and often the most dominant female elephant called the matriarch. Elephant families provide their members with knowledge, life skills, security, and companionship. Social learning is an important feature of elephants. They learn things like how to forage for food, communicate, play, attract a mate, and protect themselves from watching and the imitating behaviors of other elephants in their herd. Elephants are also well known for the ability to express an array of emotions. Emotions allow elephants to form closer bonds and to communicate with each other on a greater level. In terms of species status, the African elephant is listed as threatened and the Asian elephant as endangered. There are an estimated 400,000 African elephants and 35,000 Asian elephants left in the world[1]. This includes both wild and captive elephants. A species that is listed as endangered is in serious jeopardy of becoming extinct. The title threatened is given to species that are likely to become endangered in the near future. The documented decrease in elephant populations are mostly attributed to loss of natural habitat and the intentional killing of elephants by humans. Expanding human populations have caused encroachment and alterations to lands that were once home to elephants on the continents of Asia and Africa. Overpopulation and the increased competition over resources have created the Human-Elephant conflict. People who live in close proximity to wild elephants are often fearful for the destruction of crops and of personal harm caused by elephant aggression and stampedes. Injuring or killing the elephant in question has been the common response in these types of situations. Elephant conservation organizations like The Amboseli Trust for Elephants are working with African governments and their citizens to spread knowledge and provide economic alternatives to poaching such tourism. [2] Poaching elephants for their ivory tusks is widely banned, but is still a plight of the elephant. It is particularly a serious problem of the African Elephant. Both male and female African elephants have tusks and are susceptible to ivory seeking poachers. Even though plastics have replaced most of the traditional uses of ivory, ivory is still being used to make jewelry and decorative items. There is still a strong underground market for this â€Å"white gold†. A recent increase in the wild African elephant population has revitalized the illegal ivory trade. CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). is a group of agreements that establish guidelines concerning endangered species and trade on the international level. As an endangered species, the Asian elephant cannot be sold or traded under CITES. CITES does allow private organizations to borrow Asian elephants long-term if it is for conservation and educational purposes[3]. Even with the ratification of CITES, countries like Lao are continuously seeing their â€Å"best and healthiest elephants leave the country†¦ despite existing laws condemning the export of live elephants†[4] Elephant theft is especially frustrating for Laotian conservationists who are trying to restore their native Asian elephant populations. Many of the elephants that appear in circuses worldwide have been illegally captured from the wild. A circus is â€Å"a raveling company of performers that may include acrobats, clowns, trained animals, trapeze acts, musicians, hoopers, tightrope walkers, jugglers, unicyclists and other stunt-oriented artists†. [5] The general idea of a circus was developed by the Ancient Romans. Animal exhibits, horse races, jugglers, and acrobats were often featured in the outdoor Roman circuses. People of all age s and classes would pay their fair share to see and experience the circus. The modern indoor-circular circus has European roots dating back to the 18th and 19th centuries. The first modern circus was brought to America by the Englishman John Bill Ricketts in 1793. Ricketts’ circus mesmerized the American audience and inspired the development of American circus culture. Many contemporary circuses are revolutionizing circus tradition by focusing less on animal exhibition and animal acts. They are embracing more of an artistic performance style that does not include actual animals. Cirque du Soleil is a popular example of a contemporary circus that mixes art, theater, and music with aerobatics and other aerial stunts. Though these new types of circuses are emerging, the traditional traveling animal circus still exists worldwide. The longer animal circuses exist, the longer the suffering circus animals will have to endure. The mistreatment of elephants in circuses can be discussed through the categories of training, performance, and housing. It is important to emphasize that elephants are wild animals. In order to become semi-domesticated, elephants must undergo what is called the â€Å"breaking-in† process. [6] The objective of the â€Å"breaking-in† is to get the elephant to respect and submit to the trainer. This process can include the use of physical force, hooks, and threat of starvation to tame the elephant. Elephants born in captivity do not usually experience or require this type of â€Å"breaking-in†. These elephants are preconditioned to enclosed environments and human interactions. No matter how much training or conditioning an elephant receives, it still has wild tendencies and instincts. Trainers use positive and negative reinforcement to control an elephant’s behavior. Positive reinforcement could be rewarding an elephant with apple slices when it performs a trick properly. Negative reinforcement uses punishment as a deterrent for undesired behaviors. If an elephant is punished for disobeying a command, the elephant will likely be more compliant the next time the trainer orders a command. Trainers who use negative reinforcement are usually unskilled or impatient and may punch, pull or a whack an elephant with a bull hook or a whip. Electrical shocks are also administered as a form of punishment. All of these methods of punishment are painful and unnecessary. Desired results can be reached through positive reinforcement. Elephants also experience a great deal of pain and discomfort when performing certain tricks. These tricks include handstands, standing on hind legs, and tight rope walking. These are unnatural elephant behaviors. A grown elephant can weigh anywhere from 5,000-15,000 lbs[7]. Its massive weight is spread out and supported by four legs. When an elephant does a handstand or stands on its hind legs it is putting an enormous amount of pressure on one or two of its legs. Whiling performing these types of tricks, an elephant is risking serious leg injury and other additional injuries if it was to topple over. Elephants belonging to a circus are usually housed individually in rooms no larger than the average American bedroom. 8] For safety and convenience reasons, elephants are chained for the majority of the day when they are not performing. These chains are highly restrictive and can cause body lacerations if an elephant tries to free himself. Circus elephants are isolated from other elephants and confined to spaces that are way too small for them. This is not appropriate since ele phants are a mobile and social species. In the wild elephants can spend up to twenty- two hours a day moving around whether it’s foraging for food, exploring, or socializing with other elephants[9]. Elephants in circuses are unable to fulfill these simple needs and desires. Confinement and isolation is a serious elephant welfare concern. Elephants in captivity tend to exhibit abnormal behaviors and can develop psychological disorders. Documented abnormal behaviors include swaying, pacing, hyper aggression, and sometimes the killing of infant elephants. [10] Elephants that experience abuse can develop Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder occurs when an individual is exposed to a traumatic event and persistently re-experiences the event. PSD may explain events in which elephants have lashed out and harmed their trainers or people in the audience. Mental anguish is not just a human experience. Elephants can suffer from both physical and mental abuse. To expand upon the condition of elephants in circuses, this issue must be examined from a multicultural prospective. Cultural norms determine animal welfare laws and generally accepted practices of animal use. How one society perceives and treats animals is often different from that of another society. Here we will look at animal circuses and the standards for animal welfare in China, the United States, and in the United Kingdom. By observing the practices of these countries, a broad picture of how various regions in the world relate and think of non-human animals can be created. Understanding existing laws and customs is important in working with governments and citizens to adopt stricter animal cruelty and welfare laws. The Chinese circus is an ancient art from that is believed to be at least 2,000 years old[11]. Chinese circuses are a part of a rich tradition that is generational. Most Chinese circuses are operated by a single family. These circuses can include live animal acts, but the focus is usually on acrobatic acts and dance performances. The animals that do appear in Chinese circuses are prone to mistreatment and abuse. At the moment China does not have any type of national animal protection law. This means that there are no legal welfare requirements for housing, feeding, transportation, veterinarian care and general care for circus animals, including elephants. The article titled â€Å"Does China Need an Animal Protection Law† addresses the current efforts of Chinese law experts in drafting China’s first national animal protection law. Most importantly, this article discusses the challenges that these lawyers are facing in creating such a law. The conflict facing the adoption of an animal protection law in China can be described as the East versus the West. The East versus the West is a situational and ideological conflict that tends to occur when western thought is introduced or forced into an eastern state. The following quote best explains the present conflict in China regarding animal welfare: â€Å"Some people believe it’s absolutely necessary to punish those who abuse animals, while others believe that animal protection is something only developed countries can afford to consider. [12] The belief that human protection needs to be achieved before animal protection is a reasonable claim. In the last couple of decades, China has experienced rapid growth in their economy. Unfortunately, social progress has not kept up with economic progress. Basic rights and availability of social welfare resources is not guaranteed everywhere in China. People who live in remote locations are often impoverished and have not seen the benefits that people living in the developed cities have seen. Animal cruelty may not be a priority for someone who lacks food, clean water, and shelter. This type of law would also be problematic for people following traditional Chinese customs involving animals. An animal protection law could make many current animal practices in China illegal overnight. Putting these problems aside, China is making some progress in terms of animal welfare. This past June a survey regarding animal welfare was given to Chinese citizens. The results revealed that eighty percent of the respondents supported a basic animal protection law, and seventy-five percent agreed that people who abuse animals to death should go to jail. [13] The credibility of this survey could be questioned. The article does not mention who created the survey, and which populations of people were given the survey. If this survey is representative of the China as a whole, it is hopeful that China will be able to adopt a national animal protection law in the near future. In the beginning of 2010, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development in China put a ban on all animal acts in zoos and wildlife parks. [14] This ban came after a report was published by the animal advocate organization called Animals Asia. The report highlighted numerous instances of severe animal abuse and what they describe as horrific living conditions. The increasing number of exposes and reports by animal advocacy groups have brought attention to animal abuse in China and aided in the creation of bans such as the one mentioned above. Although the Chinese ban on animal performances in zoos and safari parks is a step in the right direction, it does not protect animals in circuses. Elephants will continue to be exploited until the ban is extended to circuses. The first purchase and exhibition of an elephant in the United States occurred in 1808. [15] After this date, elephants became a central component of American circuses. By 1952, a hundred and twenty-four elephants belonged to circuses. Many of the first elephants imported to this country did not live long. An inadequate understanding of elephants as a species contributed to many of these early elephant deaths. The lack of a formal animal welfare law may have also been a factor. The United States passed the Animal Welfare Act in 1n 1966. This act regulates the treatment of animals in research, exhibition and transport. â€Å"Persons who have warmblooded animals on display, animals that perform for the public, or animals used in educational resentations, must be licensed as exhibiters† with the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APIS)[16]. The U. S. Department of Agriculture regulates AWA and APIS. The Animal Welfare Act requires exhibiters to provide adequate care and treatment for their animals. Requirements for specific animals are not listed under AWA. The APIS has an inspection guide that is useful for both inspectors and animal e xhibiters. Elephants have species specific requirements. An elephant must have access to a pool or pond, be free from dry skin and skin wounds, and be able to move and lie down comfortably if chained. 17] The U. S. Animal Welfare Act is vague in many areas. What counts as elephant abuse is one of these areas. Until recently, the AWA has not mentioned anything about the use of bull hooks on elephants. Bull hooks are tools used as negative enforcers. These hooks tear at an elephants delicate skin, causing them much pain. In 2009, PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) brought the owners of the Ringling Bros. Circus to court. PETA argued that Ringling Bros. violated the Endangered Species Act by using bull hooks on endangered Asian elephants[18]. The judge who presided in this case agreed that bull hooks cause unnecessary pain to elephants, but ruled that PETA did not have standing. Even though PETA lost this case, bull hooks have been prohibited by an amendment to AWA. Elephants in American circuses will no longer suffer at the hand of a bull hook. This is a small, but notable win for elephant welfare on the federal level. PETA v. Ringling Bros has more noticeably sparked action by local governments. Shortly after this ruling, New York City officials voted in support to prohibit â€Å"the display of wild or exotic animals for public entertainment or amusement[19]†. This decision means that elephants will no longer be parading through New York City. Local governments in the United States are the clear legislative leaders in an elephant protection and performance ban A significant portion of elephant suffering is from the inability to carry out instinctual behaviors. The Animal Welfare Act does not incorporate a mental wellbeing requirement in its text. This is highly problematic for animals such as elephants, dolphins, chimpanzees, and whales which have greater intellectual and emotional capacities than most other non-human animals. If the AWA was amended to include a mental wellbeing component, it is likely that a federal ban on elephants would follow. The current practices and environment created by circuses cannot support an elephant’s mental health. This is evident in the abnormal behaviors displayed by most elephants in circuses. Elephants reappeared in English entertainment in early 2009. Before this 2009 show, elephant acts had not been performed in the United Kingdom for nearly a decade. [20] The Great British Circus received much criticism when it announced that it would be bringing elephants back into their line-up. Elephant acts have not been formally outlawed by the British government, but it is a common opinion that they should be. Like the United States, the United Kingdom has an Animal Welfare Act. The United Kingdom did not pass an official animal welfare law until 2006. Prior to the U. K. ’s AWA, animal owners had the â€Å"duty of care†. Duty of care is a common law term that is legally binding[21]. It specifically refers to the responsibility of the owner to ensure that their animal does not suffer unnecessarily. The U. K. ’s Animal Welfare Act is much more specific in respects to how animal must be cared more, and how it cannot be treated. This Act says that an animals’ welfare needs includes, â€Å"a suitable environment, a suitable diet, the ability to exhibit normal behaviour patterns, and protection from pain, suffering, injury and disease†[22]. The U. K. based animal advocacy group Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) does not believe that circuses can uphold the standards set by the U. K. ’s Animal Welfare Act. [23] A representative of the Great British Circus told the BBC news that the trainers use only their voice to get the elephants to follow commands. This statement neglects the other components of the Animal Welfare Act. Word of voice does not matter if an elephant is being held in a small trailer. The United Kingdom’s comprehensive definition of animal welfare makes it nearly impossible for a circus to have elephants. In December of 2009, the U. K. ’s Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs consulted the public on the matter of wild animals in circuses. Defra asked the public to answer questions that would help the government in determining if they should ban all wild or exotic animal acts altogether. The first question in the survey reads, â€Å"Do you think that there are any species of wild animal which is acceptable to use in traveling circuses? . Out of 100%, 95. 5% of persons responding to this question said no[24]. China, the United States, and the United Kingdom represent separate sections of the world. Government laws along with public opinion can place these three countries on an animal welfare spectrum. Being ranked from the most protective to the least protective is the U. K, U. S, and China. The United Kingdom like most of Western Europe has very high standards for animal welfare and the environment. The United States falls in the middle because it disregards the mental aspects of animal cruelty which is a critical in species like elephants. At the moment China does not have any sort of formal animal protection law. This is why I have ranked China as number three. The United States should be heavily scrutinized in regards to our treatment of elephants. Entertainment is not a valid excuse for animal abuse. The lifelong suffering of a circus elephant cannot be justified. There is a lot of cruelty that is hiding behind the tent curtains of circuses. Now that this cruelty has been exposed, it is imperative that people react and act. Acting can be avoiding animal circuses, protesting, donating time or money to animal advocacy groups, or meeting with government representatives. If people do not act, elephant cruelty will remain among us. Works Cited About ATE. Amboseli Trust for Elephants. 2010. Web. . Animal Exhibitors. USDA APHIS. July 2003. Web. . Animal Welfare Act 2006. Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs. 12 Feb. 2010. Web. . Animal Welfare. USDA APHIS. Nov. 2004. Web. . BBC NEWS | UK | England | Nottinghamshire | Anger over Elephants Circus Show. BBC News Home. 27 Feb. 2009. Web. . Bradshaw, G. A. Elephants in Circuses: Analysis of Practice, Policy and Future. 2007. Web. . Chinese Circus. British Born Chinese. Web. Colwell, Jessica. China Bans Animal Performances, Elephants Breath Easier Shanghaiist. Shanghaiist: News, Music, Nightlife, Restaurants, Events and More in Shanghai, China. 27 Oct. 2010. Web. . Forthman, Debra L. , Lisa F. Kane, and Paul F. Waldau. An Elephant in the Room: the Science and Well-being of Elephants in Captivity. North Grafton, MA: Tufts Center for Animals and Public Policy, 2009. Print. Lee, Jennifer . Should Circus Elephants Be Banned? The New York Times. 23. Mar. 2009. Web. http://cityroom. blogs. nytimes. com/2009/03/26/should-circus-be-banned, MacGregor, Fiona. To the Circus: Conservationists Warn of Elephant Exodus from Laos†. Guardian. co. uk. 10 Aug. 2010. Web. . Shigong, Li. Does China Need an Animal Protection Law? Beijing Review. 06 Nov. 2009. Web. . Sims, Paul. Animal Welfare Charity Slams Plans for Elephant Circus Act†. 23 Feb. 2009. Web. . Trial Reveals Extreme Elephant Abuse by Ringling Bros. Circus. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA): The Animal Rights Organization | PETA. org. Web. . [1] Elephants in Circuses: Analysis of Practice, Policy and Future. [2] Amboseli Trust for Elephants 3] To the Circus: Conservationists Warn of Elephant Exodus from Laos†. [4] Ibd p. 1 [5] Elephants in Circuses: Analysis of Practice, Policy and Future. [6] Trial Reveals Extreme Elephant Abuse by Ringling Bros. Circus. [7] An Elephant in the Ro om: the Science and Well-being of Elephants in Captivity. p. 3 [8] â€Å"Elephants in Circuses: Analysis of Practice, Policy and Future. [9] An Elephant in the Room: the Science and Well-being of Elephants in Captivity. p. 7 [10] An Elephant in the Room: the Science and Well-being of Elephants in Captivity. p. 56 [11] Chinese Circus. 12] Does China Need an Animal Protection Law? p. 1 [13] Does China Need an Animal Protection Law? [14] China Bans Animal Performances, Elephants Breath Easier† [15] Elephants in Circuses: Analysis of Practice, Policy and Future. [16] Animal Welfare. [17] Animal Exhibitors. [18] Trial Reveals Extreme Elephant Abuse by Ringling Bros. Circus. [19] Should Circus Elephants Be Banned? [20] Animal Welfare Charity Slams Plans for Elephant Circus Act†. [21] Animal Welfare Act 2006. [22] Animal Welfare Act 2006. [23] â€Å"Anger over Elephants Circus Show. [24] www. defra. gov. uk

New York State Teacher Certification Essay Writing Topics to Expect in 2020

New York State Teacher Certification Essay Writing Topics to Expect in 2020New York State Teacher Certification Essay Writing Topics to Expect in 2020 The rising number of teachers getting out of the classroom to start their own private practice is well documented in the newspapers and magazines. Many of them will have their own books, while others may work with local schools.Still, many more teachers will work as a contractor or for nonprofit organizations. This can be quite a feat, as it takes some luck and lots of money to get to the point where they will be able to do such things. It may also take years to build up that kind of clientele.Teachers these days are in search of better pay and salaries, as many schools have begun to cut back on the number of people that they hire. While it isn't easy to get by, it can be done. When you're not going to make the big bucks that some of your colleagues at your local school are making, you want to find a way to make some good money.New Yor k is a great place to find the best jobs for teachers to go into. There are plenty of positions open for certified teachers in New York State, and these are just some of the more lucrative opportunities.Something that many teachers will be doing is teaching college students for an income through essay writing for profit. They have found a niche in this market because they are so well trained and experienced at teaching that they are in high demand.Because of this, some New York State teachers are setting up their own writing companies that allow them to work from home. Of course, these companies will be paying them very well, so they aren't complaining.Getting teacher certification essay writing is becoming a necessary skill for many teachers these days. While it was once only a necessity for teachers that went on to become school administrators, now it is a requirement for most teachers that go on to have a full time career.It really is a great career, and you can find plenty of re asons why it will be your career for many years to come. But it does take some training and effort, so do take a look at the New York State Teacher Certification Essay Writing Topics to Expect in 2020.